Optical telescopes are not the only tool in astronomy. Celestial bodies do not emit only visible light, but also light that is invisible to the human eye. An example of this is infrared light, which we cannot see but can feel as heat. X and gamma rays are another examples of light, that can not be detected by humans. Radio waves are another form of light that falls within the range invisible to our eyes. The field of astronomy that deals with such observations is called radio astronomy.
Objective
The objective of this project is to establish radio astronomical observations at the academic level in Slovenia, a field currently underrepresented and primarily pursued by a few amateur astronomers and HAM radio enthusiasts. This will be achieved through the installation of an astronomical radio telescope in collaboration with the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics at the University of Ljubljana.
The project involves the development and construction of a radio telescope. We aim to design a parabolic antenna, a support structure and instrumentation. We also aim to procure necessary materials such as metal profiles, support columns, drive motors with reducers, and other construction components. Additionally, electronic components for signal reception will be acquired, including coaxial cables, frequency filters, signal amplifiers, an analog-to-digital receiver, computer equipment, and networking facilities.
After consulting experts from the Faculty of Electrical Engineering at the University of Ljubljana, a suitable location has been identified in the Karst region, Slovenia in the Miren-Kostanjevica municipality. This area offers low levels of electromagnetic interference, which is crucial for high-quality observations.
Given the specific requirements of the project, we have chosen to independently design and fabricate the whole telescope from scratch to ensure it aligns with the dimensions of our parabolic dish and meets the environmental standards of the installation site.
Why a Radio Telescope?
The main aim of this telescope is to detect the presence of water in the universe. It does this by observing the signal emitted by the OH molecule, which forms when the water molecule breaks down due to radiation. This molecule is widespread throughout the universe and can be found in various cosmic objects, from gas clouds where stars are born to remnants of supernovae explosions. It even exists in the atmospheres of planets like Jupiter and Saturn, as well as in comets. By studying this signal, we can learn a lot about the various conditions in space, such as temperature, density, magnetic fields …
Understanding these factors can provide insights into the potential for life elsewhere in the universe and shed light on the origins of water on Earth.
Who’s Involved?
The project is based on collaboration with experts from the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics and from the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, both parts of the University of Ljubljana. We are collaborating with the Astronomical Society Kmica from Murska Sobota. We’ve received sponsorship and donations from various private companies and institutions.
Apart from research, the telescope will also train students in physics, astronomy, electrical engineering, and computer science. It will foster interdisciplinary connections and knowledge exchange among different institutions. While scientific and technical fields like this are still emerging or non-existent in Slovenia, there’s great potential for their growth. Scientific research and technology are vital for our society and country, impacting future economic development and Slovenia’s international standing. By executing this project, we offer new opportunities for younger generations to find a career in science thus preventing brain drain abroad.
Who will benefit?
The project will serve to promote and raise awareness for the participating donors. Telescope operators will organize events to introduce this branch of astronomy to the general public. Observation progress will be accessible as monitoring points will be positioned at three locations across Slovenia: one in Prekmurje, one in Primorska, and one in Gorenjska. A website will be available for public information, providing an overview of telescope construction activities and later, the results of measurements taken with the telescope. The wide range of observations possible with this telescope will also allow for research tasks for young researchers within the framework of the Association for Technical Culture of Slovenia.